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Basic CCD Model Components
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ACIS Instrument Team Calibration
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Housekeeping file
CCD Detector Calibration and Modelling
Basic CCD Model Components and Measurement Strategy
A Brief Description of ACIS CCDs
X-ray CCD Detection Efficiency: Processes, Models and Parameters
Spectral Redistribution: Processes, Models and Parameters
De-coupling Detection Efficiency and Spectral Resolution by Choice of Event Selection Criteria
Overview of Detector Calibration Measurements
Energy Scale and Spectral Redistribution Function
Energy Scale and Spectral Resolution
Purpose
Measurements
Data Processing
Results
CSR Energy Scale Linearity and Spectral Response Valid Data Summary
Physics of low energy tail in the CCD response function
Experimental
Escape and fluorescence peaks
Low energy peak
Shape of the entire low energy tail
Pileup Measurements and Modelling
Introduction
Simple model of pileup for a quasi-monochromatic incident spectrum
Pileup experiments and determination of
and
Determination of
and
Redistribution of X-rays by Pileup
Branching Ratio Variation with Flux
Single Pixel Pileup
CCD Subpixel Structure
Introduction and Motivation
Description of Mesh Experiments
First Results
Prospects for sub-pixel resolution
Measurement of Absolute Quantum Detection Efficiency of Reference Detectors
Absolute Calibration of Reference Detectors with Undispersed Synchrotron Radiation
Methodology
Analysis
Preliminary Assessment of Wavelength Shifter Data
High-Energy Quantum Efficiency from Grade Branching Ratios
Introduction
Description of the technique
A typical example and possible sources of errors
Results for the flight devices.
Comparison Between Measured & Modeled Relative Quantum Efficiency above 5 keV
Near edge structure of X-ray absorption in the CCD response
Introduction
Sample preparation
Measurement details
Measurement results.
CCD quantum efficiency.
Validation of High Speed Tap Data Acquired at XRCF
Purpose
The Data Set
The Telemetry Data Processing
The High Speed Tap Data Processing
Event List Comparison
Spectral Resolution Comparison
Event Timing Comparison
Position Comparison
ACIS High Speed Tap Count Rates During XRCF Phase I: Towards Absolute Efficiency Measurements from XRCF Data
Purpose
Measurement Description
Data Processing
Results
Warnings
Quantum Efficiencies of ACIS Flight Detectors Relative to Reference Detectors
Measurement Method, Analysis Techniques, and Data Products
Calibration Strategy
Pileup Corrections To Relative Quantum Efficiency Values
Relative Quantum Efficiency Error Sources
Data Products and Valid Data Summary
IDL Data Products
Relative Quantum Efficiency Measured at MIT CSR
Spatially-averaged Relative Quantum Efficiency Measurements
Uncertainties in the Cross-calibration of Reference Detectors at 8 keV.
Internal Consistency of Relative Quantum Efficiency Measurements made at MIT CSR.
Spatial Variations in Quantum Efficiency
Comparison Between MIT and XRCF (Phase I) Measurements of Relative Quantum Efficiency
Repeatability and Estimated Errors in Relative Quantum Efficiency Measurements of Front-Illuminated Detectors
Repeatability and Estimated Errors in Relative Quantum Efficiency Measurements of Back-Illuminated Detectors
Absolute Quantum Efficiency of ACIS Flight Detectors
Quantum Efficiency Model and Fitting Results
Fitting Methods: FI Device Model Parameters.
Fitting Methods: BI Device Model Parameters.
Results and Data Products
Uncertainties in Absolute Quantum Efficiency
Quantum Efficiency Uncertainties Due to Measurement Errors
Quantum Efficiency Uncertainties Due to Modelling Errors
Sources of Modelling Errors in the Absolute Calibration of Reference Detectors.
Magnitudes of Modelling Errors in the Absolute Calibration of Reference Detectors
Sources of Modelling Error in the Calibration of Flight Detectors Relative to Reference Detectors.
Effects of Instrument Configuration and Environment on Detector Calibration
Effects of Parallel Register Clock Levels on Detection Efficiency
Effects of Focal Plane and Detector Electronics Temperature
Detector Electronics Temperature
Focal Plane Temperature
Long Term Gain Stability
Temperature Dependence on Dark Current
Introduction
Procedure
Data and Analysis
Post Cold Soak Characterizations
Summary of Measurements
Effects of CCD Clocking Modes on Detector Peformance
Instrumental Background
Background Rate Measurements at XRCF
Dependence of Background Rejection Efficiency on Event Grade Selection
Predicted On-orbit Background Rates
In-flight ACIS Calibration Sources
Overview
The Internal Contamination Monitor (ICM)
Spectrum
Illumination Pattern
Mn K
:L complex ratio
The External Calibration Source (ExtCalSrc)
Spectrum
Count Rate
Spatial Distribution
ACIS Sensitivity to Visible-Band Radiation
ACIS CCD Sensitivity to Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation
Ionizing Dose Effects
Effects of Energetic Protons
Search for Effects of Short Exposure to Low-Earth Orbit on ACIS CCD Peformance
The MIT Model of the ACIS CCD
Absorption in the gate structure
Fluorescence events
Formation and diffusion of the electron cloud
Splitting of charge between pixels
Unresolved Issues
Bias Stability
Long-term Gain Stability
Please address comments and questions to Dr. John Nousek (
nousek@astro.psu.edu
)
and 
:L complex ratio