Research : Peter Mészáros

My recent work has centered on the formulation of the fireball shock model of gamma-ray bursts (GRB), which are the most powerful explosions known in the Universe. We showed that external shocks (1992) and internal shocks (1994) can account for the properties of the GRB emission; these are currently the leading models for interpreting the observed spactra and light curves. A highlight was our prediction of long-lasting burst afterglows (1997) at X-ray and optical wavelengths from the external blast wave, subsequently confirmed by observations with the Beppo-SAX satellite. Among current interests are the GRB relation to its stellar progenitor and host environment, including the the collapsar/supernova scenario, the production mechanisms of X-ray lines and continuum, electron-positron pairs, the jet structure and collimation, the role of ultra-high (> TeV) energy neutrinos and GeV-TeV photons in GRB and active galaxies, the production of gravitational waves in GRB, related neutron star problems, and GRB as tools for cosmology. The following link gives a snapshot view of the high energy, GRB and GW theory group and activities at Penn State.

I am involved as co-I and science/theory lead in the Swift consortium, a multi-institution NASA satellite to study GRB afterglows in the gamma-, X-ray and optical ranges, currently being readied for launch in early 2004. I am co-PI of the NSF Physics Frontier Center for Gravitational Wave Physics, and member of the Center for Gravitational Physics and Geometry, both at Penn State, doing work on gravitational astrophysics. I am also a member of the ICECUBE international collaboration, an under-ice Cherenkov detector being developed in Antartica for the measurement of ultra-high energy neutrinos, with related interests in its AMANDA prototype, the Auger cosmic ray array and the GLAST GeV photon space mission. A brief overview of the main research areas and some details on specific projects are under the previous links for gamma-ray bursts, neutrinos , gravitational waves, neutron stars, and cosmology.

Among other research topics, the main results include the first studies of dissipative spherical accretion on black holes; the first investigation of galaxy formation mediated by primeval black holes or cold dark matter, and the freezing of cold dark matter in the cosmological radiation, called the Meszaros effect in some cosmology texts; the physics of strongly magnetized plasmas, including the QED vacuum polarization effects; models of accreting X-ray pulsars and cyclotron lines, summarized in a book on high-energy radiation from neutron stars; topics in the hydrodynamics and ionization of the interstellar medium; and the cosmological diffuse X-ray background radiation.

More detailed references are in a list of publications and a list of recent talks.

Research sponsors: NSF, NASA