SEECoS: Summer Experience in the Eberly College of Science

Chemistry Project 2009

ECoS Faculty:    Scott Phillips and Jackie Bortiatynski
ECoS Undergraduate Mentor:   Sean Haggerty


Carrot Chemistry

This project uses enzymes found in carrots to catalyze chemical reactions. The goal of this project is to develop environmentally-friendly (i.e., “green”) methods for producing useful chemicals. Green chemistry describes sustainable and environmentally friendly chemical practices. This movement includes efforts to reduce or eliminate the use of hazardous materials and the production of pollution; sustainable practices attempt to minimize environmental damage at its source by limiting the use of harmful compounds. Thus, naturally occurring substances, rather than those derived from industrial processes, have an important place in green chemistry.

A catalyst is any compound that facilitates but is not consumed by a chemical reaction. Therefore, a small amount of catalyst may act on a large amount of material by carrying out the reaction many times. As such, catalysts are suitable for green chemistry, and those that are easily collected from natural material are particularly suitable. This experiment will use an enzyme present in carrots to carry out a well understood organic reaction. The enzyme will be obtained from ordinary carrots, which will be diced and combined with water. The reaction should begin immediately (once the substrate is added) and may be expected to continue for approximately two hours, during which the progress of the reaction will be monitored by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Once the reaction is complete, the carrot will be removed and the solution will be separated by liquid-liquid extraction. The desired product will then be resolved by column chromatography and analyzed.

If carrots contain the enzyme that participates in this reaction, then similar plants may as well. Students will apply the procedure described above to other plants and will observe their effects on the reaction. This investigation teaches the fundamentals of green chemistry as well as lab techniques such as column chromatography and analytical methods like TLC.